By Claudia Mahler*
Geneva: The COVID-19 pandemic starkly revealed widespread ageism and age discrimination against older persons. As explained by the Independent Expert in her newest report to the Human Rights Council (A/HRC/48/53), ageism means stereotypes, prejudice and/or discriminatory actions or practices against older persons that are based on their chronological age or on a perception that the person is ‘old.’ Typically, this is reflected in negative generalizations about older persons as frail, averse to change, unproductive, and in need of protection and costly health and care services. During the pandemic, ageist comments and hate speech were ripe with older persons being blamed as the reasons for lockdowns and labelled as vulnerable and burdens to societies.
Ageism and age discrimination violate the human rights of older persons and exacerbate inequalities in different ways, including leaving older persons behind in our increasingly digitalized world. For example, ageist assumptions make it more difficult for older persons to get equal access to medical care. The use of telemedicine and remote technology sharply increased during the pandemic without equivalent attention to improving digital literacy and access to digital technology, infrastructure and devices. This aggravated inequalities in the enjoyment of the right to health by older persons owing to the existing digital divide and exclusion from information related to the pandemic and health care when provided only in digital or non-accessible formats.
Older persons are the most diverse age group and multiple intersections with other grounds of discrimination amplify the effects of ageism and age discrimination.
At the intersection between ageism and sexism, for example, older women face unique forms of inequality and discrimination. They are often expected to continue carrying out caregiving roles while neglecting their own well-being, and then are perceived as unproductive and a burden when requiring care themselves. In many countries, women are excluded from cervical cancer screening programmes past a certain age although research indicates that incidence and mortality remain high in older women. Moreover, the digital divide is particularly pronounced among older women due to educational and societal reasons, further weakening access to care, support and services during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Global Report on Ageism released by the World Health Organization earlier this year found that every second person is ageist against older persons. High prevalence of ageism combined with the harsh lessons learned during the pandemic must be a global wake-up call to act now to combat ageism and eliminate age discrimination. I call on States to close the protection gap in the international legal human rights framework and to ensure protection from discrimination on the basis of age through effective legislation and policies as well as by designing strategies to counter ageism as part of all strategies related to ageing and older persons.
On the occasion of the International Day of Older Persons on 1 October, I call for urgent action against ageism and age discrimination.
*Claudia Mahler (Austria) was appointed by the UN Human Rights Council as Independent Expert on the enjoyment of all human rights by older persons in May 2020. She has been working for the German Institute for Human Rights as a senior researcher in the field of economic, social and cultural rights since 2010.
Report Courtesy: OHCHR
